Creativity of Rabindranath (1894-95)

The sad Suicidal death of Kadambari  completed its tenth year in the Baishakh of this year [1894]. The role of this lady in  the life of Rabindranath is tremendous. After her death Jyotirindranath left living  Jorasanko for ever. As a result Rabindranath could occupy the room in the 2nd floor full of memory of Kadambari.

On 1st Baishakh [13th April] Rabindranath wrote a poem 'Nababarshe' published in Sadhana, Baishakh issue. After this  he wrote two poems Dusamay, Mritur Pare. both are written in Jorasanko.
In the manuscript of Sonar -Chitra it is written on the top of the poem Dusamay, "Late, Late,too late, thou canst not enter now" The lines are mixed with the memories of Kadambari.. In the manuscript of Mrityur Pare the title of the poem was Santi. Both the poems are full of pathetic memories of Kadambari Debi.

The tune of the song 'ohe jibana ballaba, ohe sadhanadurlava' written on 20th April 

is of Kirtan tune.This is to be noted that it is an attempt to make his mind peaceful.
A few days ago [30th March 1894] Rabindranath wrote Indira Debi a letter, "Where the heart breaks with a deep sorrow a source of consolation arises from that place.all the groups of patience begins to work its own work - then the power of tolerance increases by glory of sadness."
Before completion of his personal grief `he had to participate in national bereavement at the death of Bankim Chandra on 26 Chaitra 1300 [1893]. A condolence meeting was arranged in Star Theater on 16 Baisakh [28 April] organised by Chaitanya Library and Beadon Square Literary Club under the president ship of Dr. Gurudas Bandyopadhyay. About 1500 persons were present on the occasion. among others rabindranath delivered a lecture.

"Baro Bismay Lage.."

"Sundara Hridiranjana tumi"

After one month of writing "Mrityur Pare" Rabindranath wrote another poem,

Aji hote sabe daya kore

Bhule jao, ghre jao chale

Kario na more aparadhi

Majhkhane thamilam bale.

Ami chahi aji rajanite

Nirab nirjan,

Bhumitale ghumaye parite

Stabdha achetan.

It seems that as if this is spoken from the mouth of Kadambari Debi. 

After a few days flow of music appeared from the mouth of Rabindranath. 

He wrote many songs

1. Baro bismay lage heri tomare,

2. sundara hridiranjana tumi

2nd edition of raja o Rani was published.

After  few days Rabindranath wrote Pramatha Choudhry in Oxford,

"I send you 1st edition of my Short Stories, and 2nd edition of Raja O Rani....." 

Application of harmony in song is one of the important incident of Rabindranath. 

"Path hara tumi pathik jena go" included in and published in Sadhana, Asharh issue   was tuned by Jyotirindranath with a new fashion. He gave the Bengali version of "harmony" as "mishramil". This created an enthusiasm in Tagore-family. Sarala Debi has given the music notation of the song " sakatare oi kandiche sakale" written by Rabindranath. She gave Bengali form of harmony as "swara-milan". 

Biharilal Chakrabarty, Kabyaguru of Rabindranath , died on 24th May 1894 at the age of sixty.After the death of Bankimchandra Rabindranath wrote an essay on him. After the death of Biharilal Chakrabarty he also wrote an essay on him . Bhudev Mukhopadhyay was also an eminent Bengali. But Rabindranath did not write any essay on him. The issue was raised at the meeting of Prof. Bipin Behari Gupta with Rabindranath on 28th Sept 1894. At the query of Bipin behari Babu Rabindranath gave an word to write a similar essay on him. But that did not materialized.

Probably Rabindranath went to Silaidah on 21 June,1894.He wrote Pramatha Choudhury a few days ago i.e. 16June. " I am starting for Silaidah immediately.I had to pass alone in boat in this rainy season.Some books and a few Khatas will accompany me.. "

He wrote Indira Debi  on 24th june, " I have come here just four days ago. I think that I have come here for  long time ........"

26th Jun describing the river on rainy season [for cutting paddy, the cultivators wearing Toka and covering their body with clothes made of jute are crossing the river, reminds us the comments of Dwijendranath on Sonar Tari] he wrote , " Since I don't have any work at present I ,looking at the river,  was singing in a low voice a classical tune mixed with Bhairabi,Todi and Ramkeli a morning tune. ..." 

Last year in the month of Asharh Rabindranath wrote a letter to his wife, " there is no expenses in writing poems if we do not want to print it. He had to  borrow money this year for printing books.I received a letter from the house of Dickince along with a reminder.Again I have to approach to Satya. I had loan of Rs 900/- from him. After returning to Kokata he rrepaid Rs.  293/-. 

While living alone in Silaidah Rabindranath gradually became confined in solitude permanently.But he became restless when some guests came to his place.

Rabindranath wrote , "Alas, the demise of your French gave me a rude shock. An honest, poor fellow died in a foreign country."He was a Swidish named Karl Erich Hammergrain His cremation  was done   in Nimtolla in Hindu rituals.

The Statesman published the news on 5th July 1894;

 Cremation of an European by Hindus

For the first time in the history of Calcutta , it is believed , a European has been cremated at Nimtolla-ghat , in the Hindoo fashion. On Tuesday , the Brahmos consigned to the flames , according to Brahmo rites , the body of the Karl Hammergren , a Swedish gentleman , and a  member of their body .the deceased came out to this country. in july last , to study more closely the history and and principles of the Brahmo Samaj, which he had joined in Sweden. he was a highly educated man , a master of many languages and was becoming eminently useful to his church by infusing into it a spirit of high culture. He was cremated at his own wish.."

It is known from The Indian Messenger on 7th July his Shraddha Ceremony was performed in Dr. Mohinimohan Basu's house at 61/1 Rajabazar Street.Dr. Basu donated Rs. 100/- to the foundation of  Rammoan Library . 

Hammergren received Nobel Prize after may days. Rabindranath talks of him at his lecture delivered in Sock Home on 24th May 1921. 

While going to Sajadpur on 7th July 1894 through Ichamati Rabindranath read translated form of The Jew by Josef Igancy kraszewski [ transl

ated by L.Kowalewska, 1893].

At this time he read another foreign book.That is a book, Eyes like sea[ translated by R. Nisbet Bain] written by a Hungarian writer Maurus Jokai, 1825-1904

4th Asharh Rabindranath was elected as a Vice-President of Bangiya Sahitya Parishad. He first  took his responsibility of the Parishad at the third Monthly  Meeting of bangiya Sahitya Parished at the house of Benoy Krishna Deb at Grey Street at 5 p,m. A discussion was held after reading a letter written by Rajani Kanta Gupta  on Bengali form of different foreign  words. A committee of the following persons  Krishnakamal Bhattacharya (President of the committee, Rabindranath, Ramendra Sundar Tribedi,Sharada Ranjan Roy, Gurudas Badyopadhyay, Bipin Behari Gupta, Rajani Kanta Gupta and Debendranath Mukhopadhyay (secretary of the committee. )

Pravat Kumar Mukhopadhyay wrote, "Khsmkheyali Sava" sits occasionally in the house of Jorasanko. ... After the proposal of Rabindranath a club namely "Kheali Sava" was formed. .. Rabindranath wrote the invitation letter on a slate. A sample of  the letter is mentioned here - This Sava was clled on 13th Shraban, Saturday (28th July 1894.)

In Shraban 1301 issue of Sadhana the following articles were published,

1. Raja O Praja

2. Sahityer Gaurav,

3. Bideshiya Atithi Ebng Deshuya Atithi,

4. Anadhikaar Prabesh.

Raja O Praja is  a political essay. Civiliyan Radice tortured a Zamindar of Orissa violating the laws. Lt. Governor Macdonald downgraded his status for one yesar. Rabindranath wrote an essay following this incident.

Having reached Calcutta Rabindranath joined the 4th monthly meeting of Bangiya Sahitya Parishad held on 26 Aug, 1894. In the last meeting Dramatist Manmohan Basu proposed " As in the case of Sanskrit , Bengali should be introduced as a subject  in University."   

Rabindranath returned to Kolkata on 29th Sept from his zamindary. At this time a criticism of short stories of Rabindranath done by Jadunath Sarkar in a  bi-lingual magazine , Surhid. His criticism "The new Leaven in Bengal " came to the notice of Rabindranath  He sent the criticism to Indira Debi and wrote , "The man has some originality in his false statement. He says ill of my poetry and picks up my short stories to the high above. On the other hand there are persons who thinks in the opposite direction. Sitting in the middle of the situation I am waiting astonishingly . ..."

Rabindranath read an essay, titled "Meyeli Chara" in the evening at 37th session of Chaitanya Library and  Beadon square Literary Club held at Minerva Theater under the chairmanship of Gurudas Bandyopadhyay.

The statement was published in "The Indian Mirror" on 3rd Oct.

"Meyeli Chara" was published in Sadhana in Ashwin-Kartick issue.